Air conditioning control apparatus



Jan. 26, 1965 R. c. MOTT 3,167,247

AIR CONDITIONING CONTROL APPARATUS Filed April 20, 1962 2 Sheets-Sheet l l I l 65' I 68 34 a2 60% I 1 35 F1 2 INVENTOR RICHARD 6? Mom" Jan. 26, 1965 R. c. MOTT 3, 7

AIR CONDITIONING CONTROL APPARATUS Filed April 20, 1962 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 i N as I 97 W INVENTOR.

4 RICHARDC Mon ,4 TTOE/VE Y 3,167,247 AIR CONDITIONING CONTROL APPARATUS Richard C. Mott, Harwood Heights, 111., assignor to Honeywell Inc, a corporation of Delaware Filed Apr. 20, 1962, Ser. No. 189,023 Claims. (Cl. 236-1) This invention relates to air conditioning control apparatus and more particularly to an improved valving system particularly adaptable to air distribution units of the fan coil or induction type.

While apparatus of this type is well known, this particular invention is directed to an improved air conditioning control valving which does not rely on any outside power source apart from the air distribution unit for operation or control but rather utilizes the flow of the conditioned air or the temperature conditioning medium used in the distribution unit for tempering purposes as a supply source for operating the valving employed therein. This improved valving is of the turbine driven type and is readily adaptable for control by space temperature for reverse and direct action type of valve control in response to space temperature changes and may be readily reset or automatically altered for changeover operation, such as summer-winter changeover. The valving of the subject invention may take the form of a valve mechanism in the fluid line for the temperature changing medium supplied to the heat exchanger coil of the air distribution unit or may operate as a face and bypass damper or valve arrangement to direct or vary the flow of conditioned air over the heat exchanger coil for air tempering purposes.

Therefore, it is an object of this invention to provide in an air conditioning control apparatus an improved air conditioning valving which does not require a separate power supply.

Another object of this invention is to provide in an improved air conditioning control apparatus an improved floating type valve control system suitable for fan coil and induction type air conditioning control systems.

Another object of this invention is to provide in an improved air conditioning control apparatus valving which permits simplified control through temperature or the operation of the same and changeover in operation for dual temperature operation of the same.

A still further object of this invention is to provide an improved self-contained valve system of the floating type. These and other objects of this invention will become apparent from a reading of the attached description together with the drawings, wherein:

FIGURE 1 is a schematic diagram of an air distribution unit utilizing the principle of the present invention.

FIGURE 2 is a schematic disclosure of an improved turbine operator and associated control utilized in the valving of the air conditioning control apparatus,

FIGURE 3 is a second embodiment of an improved valving arrangement with provision for changeover operation, and

FIGURE 4 is another embodiment of the self-contained water valve of the floating type utilized in the improved air conditioning control apparatus.

FIGURE 1 shows an air distribution unit or air conditioning control apparatus of the induction type to which the improved air conditioning valving can be applied. In FIGURE 1, the air distribution unit or box is indicated generally at and is shown in section with the high pressure air inlet pipe or source 11 in an isolated portion of the box connected through a passage or passages 12 to a nozzle section 15 in a second section of the casing indicated generally at 20. The high pressure air supply is forced out through these nozzles induc- 1 United States Patent 0 "ice 3,157,247 Patented Jan. 26, 1965 ing air flow through the box and to an air discharge passage or outlet 22 in the box to the space to be air conditioned. It will be understood that such an air distribution unit would be normally located in a space to be air conditioned and in addition to the air outlet or discharge, would have an inlet section 25 through which recirculated air or return air from the space to be air conditioned would enter the distribution unit 10. Similarly, the distribution unit includes a heat exchanger coil indicated generally at 30 positioned within the distribution unit in such a manner that recirculated air flow my bypass or flow through the coil depending upon the position of a damper means indicated generally at 32. The damper means forms a valve which is basically a bypass unit and controls the flow of the induced air circulated from the induction nozzles through the inlet 25 to the outlet 22. The details of the induction distribution unit are shown here primarily for explanation purposes.

In the disclosure of FIGURE 1, the pivoted damper or valve means is pivoted as at 33 and is moved through a linkage indicated generally at 34 operated from a gear reduction unit or gear reducer 35 to be later fully described, which gear reduction unit is associated with a turbine drive indicated generally at 40. This turbine drive receives its motivating supply pressure or air source from the high pressure inlet source 11 through a conduit indicated at 42. In addition, the positioning of the turbine drive or control of the turbine drive is affected by means of a thermal system including a temperature responsive bulb indicated generally at 45 and included in the recirculated air inlet to the air distribution unit such that it responds to or represents space temperature of the space to be air conditioned. In addition to the above, a setting device including a manual adjusting knob 48 and a cable 4? from the same is connected to a nozzle section 58 of the turbine to effect adjustment of the same or set point of the thermal sys tem in a manner to be more fully described.

The disclosure of the induction in FIGURE 1 is intended to be a general one showing only the application of the improved valving apparatus or damper apparatus as it is applied to an air distribution unit. It will be recognized that this improved air conditioning valving may be applied to fan coil type air distribution units in the same manner as it is applied to induction units. For example, in the fan coil system the motivating source for circulating the air would be a fan and the air would be wholly directed across the heat exchanger coil.

The control in this type of fan coil air conditioning apparatus is normally in the valving of the temperature changing medium circulated through the coil. Additional valving in the form of dampers may or may not be included to vary the ratio of recirculated to fresh air supplied to the unit. In this type of system, the motivating fluid supply for the valving, as will be later described, may be the circulated air from the fan or the circulated temperature changing medium in the coil. The latter is also true of the induction system where the high pressure air source may be the motivating supply for the turbine or the fluid flow of the temperature changing medium through the coil which may or may not be valved, depending upon the particular system involved.

The disclosure in FIGURE 2 relates to the turbine drive apparatus or'valving apparatus shown basically in FIGURE 1. Thus, it will be seen that the turbine 40 includes basically the turbine wheel 53 having a plurality of rows of blades or vanes 54, 55 and 56 which, it will be understood, are slanted or tilted so as to be directionally responsive to the air coming from the nozzle indi- V cated generally at 50. This nozzle, as described above, receives its air supply through the conduit 42' leading to I the high pressure plenum or source in theinduction unit or to an airpiclsup beyond a fan or air circulationmeans in the fan coil system. The nozzle is adapted'to be posimedium-through the coil may be controlled'by a valve or be free and that-the control of the flow through the tioned over a 'pair'o-f the rows of vanes on the turbine 1 Wheel andbe adjusted relative to a pair so that directional v, I

control of the turbine will beobtained, depending upon the amount of air received from the nozzle by the adja ik cent rows of blades in thepair with which the nozzle is 7 associated; Thus, for exan1ple,the'nozzle 56 may be positioned over and equally discharging air upon the rows 54, 55 of the turbine wheel 53 and no rotation Will'be experienced in the outlet or shaft indicated generally at 60 of the turbine which'drives through the gear'train to an output linkage-or damper connecting member 34-, as indicated .in'FIGURE 1.} It will be understood from later embodiments to be described, that'the turbine gear] reduction may also bedirectly connected to a rotary or linearly positioned valve means controlling flow 'of a' fluid through or over the heatfexchanger coil, if desired.

In FIGURE 2, the nozzle 50 is'po'siti'oned relative to the rows of blades on Wheel 53 of the turbine by means. of an expansion or motive element. Thus, for the ther mal systennbulb 45 is connected through a capillary or tube 63 toan expansion member 65Ipositioned within a casing 68 which member has a thrust'p'in or member-70 adapted to engage the end of the'nozzle for positioning the same.

the form of the adjusting knob 48,-.extending through a cable 49 toian adjusting screw. member 72 which adjusts a bias spring 74 at the end of the bellows or pressure retsponsive motive means 65 for setting purposes. In addition to this adjustment on the motive member, the entire casingassembly is adapted to be positioned forrswitch- Associated with the expansion member 65, of the thermal system'is a setting or adjusting member in coil may be included as'part of the turbine drive'apparatussuch as suggested by FIGURES 3 and 4.

The schematic disclosure of;.FIGURE 3 is directed to turbine control of a valve otthe standard, type which may or may not be included, in 'connectionw-ith the heat exchanger coilfof an induction unit, or most generally in connectionswith air distribution units in control of the heat exchanger. or flow-therethrough in'a 'fan coil type distribution system. Thus, in FIGURES the turbine 40 comprising the'wheel 53' includesthe plurality OfIOWS of blades 54, 56 which are directionally responsive and are .jsopositioned that adjacent rows respond to air from the nozzleto cause rotation of the Wheel 53in opposite direction's.

operate with pairs; of adjacen't rows and be positioned The nozzle at the; sametime is designedto corelative to the same so, that air' therefrom=will vary the over-all direction of rotation and the speed of rotation in the positioning of a suitablecontrol element such as a valveor damper. ,Thus'," in FIGURE 3 the turbine 7 wheel 53 drivesjthrou gh shaft 60 and gear reducersv "85 of arvalve 85 in aconventional manner. the" details of the valve are not-shown; it will beunderstood that it is a standard unit and that the crank system;

toan output crank 34 to; controlithe positioning ofa stem Although through an eccentric, will move thevalve stem 85- to raise over tovgive reverse operation of the control de'vice in response to operation of'the second thermal system, for,

example on. summer-winter changeover. This embodiment shows thesensor for the summer-winter changeover as a bimetal 75 positionedon a loop 80 of the coil. of the heat exchanger. 30, this bimetal'extending to engage the casing 68 within which the expansion member and adjust-' ing spring are located. The warping of the bimetal on the coil with a change in temperature of the temperature changing medium flowingthrough the heat exchanger coil 30 will move the casing 68 and hence the thrust pin '70 thereon relative to a stationary support 82 and against the I pressure of a spring 84. This will adjust the nozzleposition withrespect t-o pairs of rows of blades on the tur:

bine wheel. Thus, for example,:for direct acting oper ationof the turbine wheel in response to the thermal sys-.

ment 65 or contraction of' the same with a temperature change in the therrnal system 45 will move the nozzle relativeto the rows to vary the direction of rotation of the output carrying in proportion to the temperature sensed in the space. With a diflerent temperature me: dium flowing" through the coil, the reverse operation would be obtained since the bimetal or temperature responsive means 75 would urge the entire assembly to move the nozzle 5050 that it would cooperate with the rows of blades 54, 55 and for a given operation ofthe thermal system 45 with the rise or fall of the temperature of the space to be air conditioned, the nozzle and turbine would produce a reverse operation on the actuator orQ valve being controlled. Thus, changeover iseiTected through a temperature responsive means "75 acting on or cooperating'with the thermal system 45 in a positioning,

of the nozzle relative to the turbinewheel.

WhileFIGURES 1 and 2 show n inductionty'pe air distributionunit or air conditioning control apparatus in* the valve'plug'relative to, aseatv and control'fiow through V the valve in-a. conventional-manner;

' "assemblyismounted: on the valves'body through a suit- For purposes of this disclosure, the entire-turbine drive able base member: indicated at '90 upon which the gear train 35' isv positionedv to support the, turbine wheel shaft.

an'dbell crank. Alsopositioned on the base through a -slideablyimounted, support/memberv 95=is a nozzle as,- sembly 97 which is pivoted on the support through suit.- able linkage'means or pivot means-such as shown at 100.

Y relative, to; the turbine wheel 53. ,The expansion elementxis connected through the thermal system 45;includingcapillary ortuben63. Inlthis embodimentno setting -me'ans is shown, although it is understood that it may be Y readily incorporated withthe expansion member 110 to tom, the nozzle 'Stl'would be positioned.overthe row s 55, 56 of the .turbinewhe'el and expansion; of the'motive eleprovide thefsetting 'of,a thermal system 45 in;-the posi tioningof the nozzle 97 in response to. space .temperature or ambient temperature surrounding the bulb. This temperature sensing bulb'or thermal system may be positloned ina recirculated air section of--.an induction unit 'or in; the-space to be air conditioned or in: the discharge area ofa fan coil system, depending upon the type of control desired." Also connected to the support through suitable linkage means 112 is a second expansion member a 115 cooperating with a thermal bulb 116 and capillary- 117 to define a second thermal system." Expansion of the member or motive means 115 "willoperate through-the connecting member 112 to position the support 95 upon which theynozzle 97 is located relative to the wheel on the base support 95; The expansion member 115*is mounted on a bracket 120 which'is integ'ral with the base 90.: Thetherma-l' system including bulb, 116'is dewhich induced air is controlled with respect to. flow over a heat exchanger coil througha damper means, it will I be recognized that'the flow of the temperature changing signed to be positioned on or :adjacent to an inlet'con 'duit leading to-the "valve 86 which valve controlsthe flow of the temperature changing medium to .a heat EX? "changer (not shown). As such, itlsenses the temperature of the. temperature changing medium flowing through the heat, exchanger coil, for a reset of the turbine control. The expansion of the motive element or expansion member 115 associated with the thermal system 116 will slide the assembly 95 on the base 90 so that the nozzle will be positioned relative to pairs of the rows of turbine blades 54, 55 or 55, 56 to provide for reverse or direct acting operation of the turbine in response to given temperature changes sensed by the thermal system 45 positioning the nozzle 97. In this manner, reset of the thermal system by means of reversing the operation of the turbine actuator 40 permits the same thermal system 45 to be used in an air conditioning distribution unit for both heating and cooling. As indicated above, this valving control apparatus may be used in induction or fan coil units as desired. The inlet air through the conduit 101 provides a motivating source for the turbine as in the aforementioned embodiments.

The embodiment shown in FIGURE 4 is similar to that disclosed in FIGURE 3, with the exception that the motivating source is the temperature changing medium being valved. Thus, the valve 86 in the heat exchanger line and controlling the flow of the temperature changing medium to the coil indicated generally in block at 30 in FIGURE 1 is driven by a turbine assembly indimated generally at 130. This turbine assembly or motive assembly includes a turbine wheel 131 turned by fluid from a pair of nozzles 132, 133 connected in common and through a supply conduit 135 to the inlet conduit 125 for the valving 86. This turbine drive assembly is positioned within a sealed housing formed by a base part 140 and a cover 141 which are held together by suitable means such as screws 142. The turbine drives through a shaft 145 to a gear train or reduction unit 148 which is mounted on the base part 140 of the enclosure and extends through output linkage 150 to a valve crank 153 connected to the operating shaft 85 of the valve. The valve details are not shown since they are considered to be conventional. The sealed enclosure within which the motive means or turbine assembly 130 is positioned is also connected by means of a return conduit 160 to the downstream side of the valve indicated generally at 165 leading to coil 30 and then back to the source of the temperature changing medium. Thus, inlet fluid is directed through the supply conduit 135 to the turbine nozzles 133, 132 to act on the turbine wheel 131 and drive the gear train 148 and output crank 153 to position the stem 85 of the valve 86. The fluid, after driving the turbine wheel, is discharged through the conduit 160 downstream of valve 86 to conduit 165 for the temperature changing medium. Although not shown, it will be understood that the turbine and nozzle assembly may take the same form as that in FIGURE 3. In FIG- URE 4 the nozzle means is positioned by means of a thermal system similar to bulb 45 which operates through expansion member 110 to position the nozzles 132, 133 relative to the side surfaces of the turbine wheel where the blades are positioned (not shown) for directional control, The nozzles 132, 133 which are tilted respectively toward and away from the blades on the sides of turbine 131 cause rotation of the turbine in opposite directions to provide a resultant direction of rotation. The relative positioning of the nozzles to the turbine 131 or its blades varies the amount of air flow impinging on the turbine blades and the differential force resulting therefrom determines the direction of rotation of the shaft 145 and gear reduction 148 to vary or control the positioning of the valve stem 155 of valve 86 in a conventional manner. In this arrangement, summer-winter changeover is not shown although it may be included.

In this embodiment, a completely self-contained water valve of the floating type of control is provided, it being understood that the turbine will, depending upon the response of the thermal system, allow the valve 86 to be driven between open and closed positions in a conventional floating manner, in response of the space temperature to the flow of temperature changing medium through the coil 30. This arrangement is suitable for fan coil systems wherein the circulating of the air across the coil is constant. It may, however, be employed in induction type systems to control the flow of fluid through the heat exchanger coil.

- In considering this invention, it should be remembered that the present disclosure is intended to be illustrative only and the scope of the invention should be determined only by the appended claims.

I claim as my invention:

1. Air conditioning control apparatus comprising, an air distribution unit including air circulation means and a coil type heat exchanger adapted to have a temperature changing medium flowing therein, said air distribution unit being adapted to be positioned in a space to be air conditioned and having a discharge outlet therefrom and an inlet air passagetherein to provide for circulation of air through said distribution unit, a turbine including a gear reducer and an operating means driven by said gear reducer, means for providing a source of air for driving said turbine from the air circulation means in said distribution unit, nozzle means disposed adjacent said turbine and connected to said air source, a plurality of rows of direction producing blades positioned in said turbine, means for shifting said nozzle means relative to said rows of blades such that the air discharged from said nozzle means is proportioned with respect to ad jacent pairs of rows of blades to control the direction and speed of rotation of said turbine, a thermal system including a sensing element and an expansion element associated with said nozzle shifting means, said sensing element being responsive to the temperature of the space to be air conditioned and operative through said expansion element to operate said shifting means to shift said nozzle means and control the direction and speed of rotation of said turbine and hence said operating means of said surbine in accordance with the temperature sensed by said sensing means, and means operated by said operating means of said turbine for varying the flow of circulated air over said heat exchanger coil.

2. Air conditioning control apparatus comprising, an air distribution unit including air circulation means and a coil type heat exchanger adapted to have a temperature changing medium flowing therein, said air distribution unit being adapted to be positioned in a space to be air conditioned and having a discharge outlet therefrom and an inlet air passage therein to provide for circulation of air through said distribution unit, a turbine including a gear reducer and an operating means driven by said gear reducer, means providing a source of supply air for driving said turbine taken from the air circulation means in said distribution unit, nozzle means disposed adjacent said turbine and connected to said air source, a plurality of rows of direction producing blades positioned on said turbine, means for shifting said nozzle means relative to said rows of blades such that the air discharged from said nozzle means is proportioned between adjacent pairs of rows to control the direction and speed of rotation of said turbine, a thermal system including a sensing element and an expansion element associated with said nozzle shifting means, said sensing element being responsive to the temperature of the space to be air conditioned and operative through said expansion element to operate said shifting means to shift said nozzle means relative to said turbine blades and control the direction and speed of rotation of said turbine and hence said operating means of said turbine in accordance with the temperature sensed by said sensing means, and means operated by said operating means of said turbine for varying the flow of said temperature changing medium through :said coil.

3. Air conditioning control apparatus comprising, an air distribution unit including air circulation means and a coil type heat exchanger adapted to have a temperature changing medium flowing therein, said air distribution unit being adapted to be positioned in a space to be air conditioned and having a discharge outlettherefrom and an inlet air passage therein to provide for'circulation 'for: an increase or a decrease in, temperature including of, air throughjsaid. distribution unit, a. turbine including. i

a gear reducer and an operating, means driven by said' gear reducer, means providinga source ofbair for drivingsaid turbine taken from the. air circulation means in 7 said distribution unit, nozzle rneans disposed. adjacent said turbine and connectedto said air source, a plurality of rows of direction producing blades positioned. on-said turbine, meansfor shifting said'nozzle means relativeto said rows of blades such that the air discharged therefrom is proportioned between adjacent pairs of; rows to.

control the direction and speed of rotation of said tur-- bine, a thermal system including a'sensing element andan expansion element associated with said nozzle'shift ing means, said sensing element being responsive. to..the temperature of the space to be air conditioned and operative through said expansion element to 1 operate. said shifting means to shift said nozzle means in accordance I with the temperaturesensed by said sensing means, means operated by saidoperating means of saidfturbine for varyingthe flow of circulating air over'said heatie'xchanger coil, and summer-winter changeoverkapparatus including a second thermal system having-a sensing means and an operating member alsoassociated with said nozzle means .for positioning. said nozzle means.

relative to pairs of rows of turbine blades, said. tem: perature responsive means beingas'sociated with and responsive to. the temperature of-the temperature 'changingmedium flowing through said heat exchanger..

4. Air conditioning control apparatus eompr-ising,-.an

temperature.,.responsive mean associated with said heat exchanger and responsive to thetemperat-ure 0f the tem perature changing medium therein, andlinkage means 1 operated; by said'last named temperature responsive means and associated with the'expan'sion element of saidtherrnal system-for. shifting the nozzle means relative to said turbine blades such-that temperature changes in the space ,operating on the thermal system-will reverse the. direction of rotation of the turbine from that normally experienced'withra change in temperature in the space with a different temperature changing medium,

5.' Air conditioning control apparatus comprising, an air distribution unit including air circulation .means and acoiltype heat. exchanger adaptedfto have a temperaf ture changing medium flowing therein, saidair' distribution'unitbeing adapted to be positionedin. a space to "be. air conditioned and having a discharge. outlet there- 'fro'm'and an inlet air passage therein-to provide for circulation. of air through said distribution unit,'a turbine including a: gear reducer and: an operating means drivenby; said gear reducer, means providing a source of supply air for driving said turbine, taken from. the

air distribution unit including air circulation. means and a coil type-heat exchanger adapted 'tohavea temperature air circulation 'meansin said distribution unit, nozzle means disposed adjacent said turbine and connect-edto saidair source, a plurality of rowsof direction produc ing blades positioned on saidturbine, means for shifting said nozzle means relative to said rows of blades such that the air discharged from said nozzle means is proportioned between adjacent 'pairs of rows of blades to control t-he di-r'ection and speedv of rotation of said turbine,'a thermal system including a. sensing element and an expansionelement' associated with said nozzle shiftchanging medium flowing therein, said air distribution unit beingadapted-to be positioned in a space. to-be-air conditioned and having adischa'rge outlet therefrom and.

an air inlet. passage therein. to provide for circulation of air through said distribution unit, a turbine'including a gear reducer and an operating mean driven by said gear reducer, means providing a'source ofair for driving said turbine taken from the air circulationmeans 'in said distribution unit, n-ozzle' means disposed adja-.

cent'said turbine andconnected. to .said source offair, a plurality of rows of direction producing blades posi tioned on saidturbine, means for shifting said nozzle means relative to said rows of bladessuch that the air discharged therefrom is proportioned betweenadjiicent ing means, said' sensing element being operative through said expansion element to shift said nozzle means in accordance with the-temperature sensed by said sensing -means, flow controlling means operated by said oper- .ating meansof said turbine for varying the temperature of the air discharged at said discharge outlet of said distributionunit, and summer-Winter changeover apparatus including a second ther-mal system having a sensing bulb and an expansion member also associated with said nozzleme'ans for positioning said nozzle means relaf 'tive to pairsof rows of turbine blades, said sensing bulb pairs of rows to controlthe direction and speedof -rotation of said; turbine, a thermal systemwincluding asensing element and an expansion element. associated. with said nozzle shifting means, said sensing element being:

responsive to the temperature ofjthe'space to be air conditioned and operative through said exp-ansion element to shift said nozzle means-in accordance with the tern+ perature sensed b'y'said sensing means, meansjope'rated by said operating means of saidturbine for varying the flow ofcirculatedair over said heat exchanger coil,

means for reversing the operation of said turbine. driven operating means with change in temperature of said space of said second thermal system being associated with and responsive 'to the temperature of the temperature changing medium flowing through said heat exchanger.

i References Cited in the file of this: patent I UNITED STATES PATENTS Great Britain' Aug.,21,' 1947 

1. AIR CONDITIONING CONTROL APPARATUS COMPRISING, AN AIR DISTRIBUTION UNIT INCLUDING AIR CIRCULATION MEANS AND A COIL TYPE HEAT EXCHANGER ADAPTED TO HAVE A TEMPERATURE CHANGING MEDIUM FLOWING THEREIN, SAID AIR DISTRIBUTION UNIT BEING ADAPTED TO BE POSITIONED IN A SPACE TO BE AIR CONDITIONED AND HAVING A DISCHARGE OUTLET THEREFROM AND AN INLET AIR PASSAGE THEREIN TO PROVIDE FOR CIRCULATION OF AIR THROUGH SAID DISTRIBUTION UNIT, A TURBINE INCLUDING A GEAR REDUCER AND AN OPERATING MEANS DRIVEN BY SAID GEAR REDUCER, MEANS FOR PROVIDING A SOURCE OF AIR FOR DRIVING SAID TURBINE FROM THE AIR CIRCULATION MEANS IN SAID DISTRIBUTION UNIT, NOZZLE MEANS DISPOSED ADJACENT SAID TURBINE AND CONNECTED TO SAID AIR SOURCE, A PLURALITY OF ROWS OF DIRECTION PRODUCING BLADES POSITIONED IN SAID TURBINE, MEANS FOR PROVIDING A SOURCE OF AIR FOR TO SAID ROWS OF BLADES SUCH THAT THE AIR DISCHARGED FROM SAID NOZZLE MEANS IS PROPORTIONED WITH RESPECT TO ADJACENT PAIRS OF ROWS OF BLADES TO CONTROL THE DIRECTION AND SPEED OF ROTATION OF SAID TURBINE, A THERMAL SYSTEM INCLUDING A SENSING ELEMENT AND AN EXPANSION ELEMENT ASSOCIATED WITH SAID NOZZLE SHIFTING MEANS, SAID SENSING ELEMENT BEING RESPONSIVE TO THE TEMPERATURE OF THE SPACE TO BE AIR CONDITIONED AND OPERATIVE THROUGH SAID EXPANSION ELEMENT TO OPERATE SAID SHIFTING MEANS TO SHIFT SAID NOZZLE MEANS AND CONTROL THE DIRECTION AND SPEED OF ROTATION OF SAID TURBINE AND HENCE SAID OPERATING MEANS OF SAID SURBINE IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE TEMPERATURE SENSED BY SAID SENSING MEANS, AND MEANS OPERATED BY SAID OPERATING MEANS OF SAID TURBINE FOR VARYING THE FLOW OF CIRCULATED AIR OVER SAID HEAT EXCHANGER COIL. 